FORT MYERS BEACH — Hurricane Ian produced a storm surge along Florida's southwest coast in 2022. This event damaged communities near Fort Myers and flooded waterways.
Storm surge measurements reached 10 to 15 feet above ground level in certain areas of Fort Myers Beach during the hurricane. The hurricane generated over 109 billion dollars in damage across Florida.
Storm surge is the accumulation of ocean water pushed toward land by strong onshore winds, resulting in rapid flooding. A storm's size, intensity, and coastal geography influence the levels of storm surge. Generally, stronger hurricanes create higher storm surges as more intense winds move greater volumes of water toward the shore.
Both fast-moving and slow-moving hurricanes can influence floodwaters. Fast-moving storms can rapidly accumulate water along coastlines, while slow-moving storms may allow floodwaters to extend farther inland. Larger hurricanes also produce increased storm surge due to broader wind fields that push water onshore for longer durations. Ian was classified as a Category four storm.
Storm surge coinciding with high tide can result in elevated water levels and more severe flooding. Hurricanes that approach coastlines directly tend to generate greater storm surges than those traveling parallel to the shore. Coastal zones with shallow shelf waters can experience greater water accumulation, and curved coastlines and bays can direct storm surge water inland, amplifying flooding. Storm surge can also develop during hurricanes with wind classifications below Category four.
Disaster experts recommend reviewing local flood maps and determining residential elevation before hurricane season. They also advise securing valuable items and establishing evacuation routes prior to hurricane season.